ANDA Arbitrage & the New ANDA Holder Program Fee Under GDUFA II

The second iteration of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments (“GDUFA II), which is contained in Title III of the FDA Reauthorization Act of 2017 (“FDARA”) (S. 934 and H.R. 2430) currently pending in Congress, will, if enacted, significantly change the current user fee system and structure that have been in place the past five fiscal years under GDUFA I.  Not only will FDA collect a greater amount of user fee funding each year ($493.6 million annually adjusted for inflation), but one fee type will be eliminated (i.e., the Prior Approval Supplement fee), while others fees would be modified (e.g., a new Finished Dosage Form (“FDF”) facility fee for Contract Manufacturing Organizations (“CMO”)).  GDUFA II will also introduce a new fee type – the ANDA Holder Program Fee – that will account for 35% of annual fee funding.  The annual ANDA Holder Program Fee, along with the annual CMO FDF facility fee, are proposed as “small business considerations,” according to FDA.

Under the GDUFA II fee structure, the ANDA Holder Program Fee is set up as follows: a firm and its affiliates will pay one program fee each fiscal year commensurate with the number of approved ANDAs (both active and discontinued ANDAs) that the firm and its affiliates collectively own. The program fee to be paid each year depends on the number of ANDAs owned.  Firms will not pay a per-ANDA fee.  Instead, the program fee will be split into three tiers that represent different positions held by the firms and their affiliates within the market.  Specifically, FDARA would amend the FDC Act to add Section  § 744B(b)(2)(E) to state:

(i) Thirty-five percent shall be derived from fees under subsection (a)(5) (relating to generic drug applicant program fees). For purposes of this subparagraph, if a person has affiliates, a single program fee shall be assessed with respect to that person, including its affiliates, and may be paid by that person or any one of its affiliates.  The Secretary shall determine the fees as follows:

(I) If a person (including its affiliates) owns at least one but not more than 5 approved [ANDAs] on the due date for the fee under this subsection, the person (including its affiliates) shall be assessed a small business generic drug applicant program fee equal to one-tenth of the large size operation generic drug applicant program fee.

(II) If a person (including its affiliates) owns at least 6 but not more than 19 approved [ANDAs] on the due date for the fee under this subsection, the person (including its affiliates) shall be assessed a medium size operation generic drug applicant program fee equal to two-fifths of the large size operation generic drug applicant program fee.

(III) If a person (including its affiliates) owns 20 or more approved [ANDAs] on the due date for the fee under this subsection, the person (including its affiliates) shall be assessed a large size operation generic drug applicant program fee.

(ii) For purposes of this subparagraph, an [ANDA] shall be deemed not to be approved if the applicant has submitted a written request for withdrawal of approval of such [ANDA] by April 1 of the previous fiscal year.

The statute (FDC Act 744B(g)(5)) would also be amended to include certain penalties for failure to pay the new ANDA Holder Program Fee:

(A) IN GENERAL.—A person who fails to pay a fee as required under subsection (a)(5) by the date that is 20 calendar days after the due date, as specified in subparagraph (D) of such subsection, shall be subject to the following:

(i) The Secretary shall place the person on a publicly available arrears list.

(ii) Any abbreviated new drug application submitted by the generic drug applicant or an affiliate of such applicant shall not be received, within the meaning of section 505(j)(5)(A).

(iii) All drugs marketed pursuant to any abbreviated new drug application held by such applicant or an affiliate of such applicant shall be deemed misbranded under section 502(aa).

(B) APPLICATION OF PENALTIES.—The penalties under subparagraph (A) shall apply until the fee required under subsection (a)(5) is paid.

We don’t yet know exactly how much the annual ANDA Holder Program Fee will be for Fiscal Year 2018, but at 35% of the overall GDUFA user fee funding, we assume it could be a decent amount of cash for some companies to lay out. And for some companies with a small number of ANDAs, they’ll be laying out cash for drug products that they don’t currently market, because their ANDAs are in stasis, as identified in the Discontinued Drug Product List section of the Orange Book.

FDA is currently collecting information from ANDA sponsors – see here and here – in an effort to set the fee.  In the meantime, our friends over at the Lachman Consultants Blog recently provided a “back of the envelope”  calculation based on the total fees FDA will collect under the ANDA Holder Program Fee initiative.  They estimate that companies in the small tier will pay $130,780; companies in the medium tier will pay $523,120; and that companies in the large tier will pay $1,307,800.

A new venture might offer some user fee relief and a solution to companies that have discontinued ANDAs for drug products not currently marketed. A company called ANDA Repository, LLC (info@andarepository.com) is offering what we can only characterize as “ANDA arbitrage.”  Imagine, if you will, a parking lot.  The owner of a car that is not being used on a daily basis needs a parking space for that car.  In exchange for that parking space (and an annual fee) the car’s owner transfers title of the automobile to the parking lot owner.  The old owner of the car can, with appropriate notice, take back ownership when he decides that he wants to use the automobile again.  Provided the parking lot owner has enough cars, this can be a beneficial venture for all of the parties involved.

In the imagery above, the automobile owner is an ANDA sponsor, and the parking lot owner is ANDA Repository, LLC. If ANDA Repository, LLC is able to obtain title to 20 or more ANDAs, then the company will be identified as a “large size operation” and will pay a full generic drug applicant program fee regardless of how may additional ANDAs are owned. In exchange for its services, ANDA Repository, LLC will charge an ANDA sponsor an annual fee, which would be significantly less than the ANDA Holder Program Fee such ANDA sponsor would otherwise pay as a small or medium size operation.  Not a bad idea!

UPDATE:

On August 29, 2017, FDA published the Generic Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2018. The Generic Drug Applicant Program Fee rates for Fiscal Year 2018 were set as follows:

• Large size operation generic drug applicant:  $1,590,792
• Medium size operation generic drug applicant:  $636,317
• Small business operation generic drug applicant:  $159,079

Fees are due to FDA no later than October 1, 2017.  ANDA Repository, LLC can be reached at: info@andarepository.com